The Different Kinds of Dietary Carbohydrates

There are several types of dietary carbohydrates, and the type of carbohydrate consumed affects its overall impact and function in the body. Generally speaking, carbohydrates are an essential macronutrient that our bodies convert into glucose to use as energy. So, what are the different kinds of dietary carbohydrates? 

The first type of dietary carbohydrates are sugars. Sugars are often referred to as simple carbohydrates and are digested quickly, leading to rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. Simple carbohydrates include monosaccharides and disaccharides; monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of a single sugar unit. Common monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Disaccharides are composed of two monosaccharide units linked together, including sucrose, lactose, and maltose. However, in terms of foods that contain these simple carbohydrates, they can either be naturally occurring in fruits, vegetables, or milk, or be added to foods such as candy, sodas, and desserts. 

The second type of dietary carbohydrates are starches, which are considered a complex carbohydrate. Complex carbohydrates are composed of many different simple carbohydrates linked together and they take longer to digest because they must be broken down into sugars to be used for energy; this increased digestion time ultimately results in a more sustained and gradual release of energy instead of a rapid spike, which is what simple carbohydrates cause. Examples of starches include vegetables like potatoes and corn, as well as pasta, bread, and cereal. 

The last type of dietary carbohydrate is fiber; fiber is also considered to be a complex carbohydrate. The majority of fibers are actually unable to be digested in the body, and this actually helps you feel full and satisfied to prevent overeating. Fiber is also great for maintaining proper bowel health, a healthy weight, and even helps to regulate cholesterol levels. Examples of high-fiber foods include whole grains, nuts, seeds, fruits, beans, and legumes. 

It's important to note that carbohydrates are a crucial source of energy for the body, especially the brain and muscles. The type and quality of carbohydrates consumed can have different effects on health, particularly in relation to blood sugar levels and overall nutrition. We will be reviewing carbohydrates in both our weekly blog and Instagram @readysteps, so be sure to check back soon for more information!